This has become the standard in Germany and Central and Eastern Europe. A more precise number, 0.376 065 mm, sometimes is given this is used by TeX as the dd unit. In 1878, Hermann Berthold defined 798 points as being equal to 30 cm, or 2660 points equalling 1 meter: that gives around 0.376 mm to the point. : 66 Other European pointsĪpproximations were subsequently employed, largely owing to the Didot point's unwieldy conversion to metric units (the divisor of its conversion ratio has the prime factorization of 3 × 7 × 1979). It was still a standard in Belgium, in parts of Austria, and in Northern France at the beginning of the 20th century. The Fournier point did not achieve lasting popularity despite being revived by the Monotype Corporation in 1927. : 143 The Didot system prevailed because the French government demanded printing in Didot measurements. To avoid confusion between the new and the old sizes, Didot also rejected the traditional names, thus parisienne became corps 5, nonpareille became corps 6, and so on.
In Belgium the Fournier system was used until the 1970s and later. However, 12 Fournier points turned out to be 11 Didot points, : 142–145 giving a Fournier point of about 0.345 mm later sources : 60–61 state it as being 0.348 75 mm. Accordingly, one Didot point is exactly two Truchet points. He did not change the subdivisions (1 inch = 12 subdivisions = 72 points), but defined it strictly in terms of the royal foot, a legal length measure in France: the Didot point is exactly 1⁄ 864 of a French foot or 1⁄ 72 of a French inch, that is (by 1799) 15 625⁄ 41 559 mm or about 0.375 972 mm. The Didot point, established by François-Ambroise Didot in 1783, was an attempt to improve the Fournier system. The Fournier scale: two inches in total, divided into four half-inches, the medium intervals are one line ( 1⁄ 12 inch), and the smallest intervals are 1⁄ 36 inch no intervals for the point is given, thoughįournier printed a reference scale of 144 points over two inches however, it was too rough to accurately measure a single point. 1 point Fournier = 0.0135 English inches. With the usual convention that 1 foot equals 12 inches, 1 inch ( pouce) was divided into 12 lines ( lignes) and 1 line was further divided into 6 typographic points ( points typographiques).
: 60–66 The system of Fournier was based on a different French foot of c. The Fournier point was established by Pierre Simon Fournier in 1737. It has also been cited as exactly 0.188 mm. This established a length to the royal foot of 9000⁄ 27 706 m or about 325 mm, which made the Truchet point equal to 15 625⁄ 83 118 mm or about 0.187 986 mm. During the metrication of France amid its revolution, a 1799 law declared the meter to be exactly 443.296 French lines long. It was invented by the French clergyman Sébastien Truchet. The Truchet point, the first modern typographic point, was 1⁄ 144 of a French inch or 1⁄ 1728 of the royal foot. Information on GE policies related to international trade controls may be obtained by contacting ITC Legal or assigned counsel.See also: Units of measurement in France for the units used in this section, particularly those used before the French Revolution. In addition to applicable export laws, GE employees are required to comply with GE internal policies related to international trade controls.
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